OPT work permits under review as Donald Trump administration plans major move

Washington, D.C. (The Uttam Hindu): A significant development that could affect thousands of international students studying in the United States has emerged. The U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) has announced a review of the Optional Practical Training (OPT) program, indicating that rules governing post-study employment for F-1 visa holders may be revised.

In a letter to Senator Eric Schmitt, Homeland Security Secretary Kristi Noem said the department is assessing whether the present OPT framework—particularly the length and scope of training—serves the interests of the U.S. labour market, tax system, and national security, and whether it aligns with congressional intent. At present, more than 300,000 Indian students are enrolled in U.S. institutions, many of whom rely on OPT employment opportunities after completing their studies.

Noem noted that DHS aims to ensure immigration programs operate in a manner that safeguards American workers and strengthens national security. She also pointed out that the growing number of international students participating in practical training programs has led to certain risks and administrative challenges.

According to the letter, the Student and Exchange Visitor Program under U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement recognizes these concerns and is working to reduce vulnerabilities. Under OPT, students on F-1 visas can currently work in the United States for up to 12 months after graduation, while those in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields may qualify for an additional 24-month extension.

Discussing the legal foundation of the program, Noem explained that OPT was established through regulatory provisions rather than explicit legislation. She added that, under the direction of Donald Trump and in line with the administration’s “America First” immigration policy, DHS is reassessing whether the existing regulatory structure—particularly the duration and coverage of practical training—adequately protects U.S. labour, tax, and national security interests and remains consistent with congressional intent.

In an earlier communication, Senator Schmitt described OPT as a regulatory work-related benefit rather than one created by statute and urged the department to conduct a detailed review so that the program could be revised or discontinued if required.

The discussion comes as the Trump administration undertakes a broader review of employment-based immigration programs. Officials have indicated that schemes introduced or expanded through executive action may be reconsidered. The review is particularly significant for countries such as India, whose students represent the largest share of F-1 visa holders in the United States.