Global Anemia Day: WHO warns nearly 2 billion people worldwide suffer from the ‘silent epidemic’

New Delhi (The Uttam Hindu): The world observes 'Global Anemia Day.' This day is not merely a formality but a stern warning against a 'silent epidemic' that is internally hollowing out our future generation. The statistics from the World Health Organization (WHO) are startling—approximately one-quarter of the global population, nearly 2 billion people, are in the grip of anemia. Among them, the largest number comprises innocent children who shoulder the responsibility of the future.

In the Indian context, the situation is even more critical. Data from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5) reveals that 58.5 percent of children under the age of five in the country suffer from anemia. This implies that every second child in our country lacks sufficient blood. In medical terms, this is defined as a deficiency in hemoglobin or red blood cells (RBC), preventing adequate oxygen from reaching body organs. However, from a social perspective, this acts as a major 'brake' on our children's physical and mental development.

The primary cause of anemia is iron deficiency, and the irony is that this is a problem that can be easily prevented. In today's fast-paced life, packaged junk food has replaced nutritious homemade meals. The growing distance from green leafy vegetables and traditional grains has made children weak. Additionally, poor hygiene and worm infestation are significant contributing factors.

The impact is frightening. An anemic child cannot concentrate in school, fatigues quickly, and lags in intellectual development. In pregnant women, this condition increases the risk of low birth weight and even maternal mortality.

The government is distributing iron supplements and spreading awareness through the 'Anemia Mukt Bharat' campaign, but this battle cannot be won solely by relying on government machinery. We must initiate changes in our kitchens and lifestyles. It is mandatory to include iron-rich beans, green vegetables, and fortified cereals in children's diets, along with Vitamin C sources like lemon and tomato, which help the body absorb iron. Furthermore, strictness against junk food and regular deworming are essential.

Anemia is a form of malnutrition. To build a healthy society, it is imperative that we recognize this silent enemy and bring health back to our plates.

-Dr. Anil Sud MD, FIAP, FICMCH